Auxiliary Verbs: to have

 

 Auxiliary verbs: to have

 

 

Some examples of to have as an auxiliary verb:

 

 

Present indefinite:

 

Affirmative:

I have

You have

He/she/it has

We have

They have

 

 

Negative:

I do not have or I don’t have

You do not have or You don’t have

He/she/it does not have or He/she/it doesn’t have

We do not have or We don’t have

They do not have or They don’t have

 

 

Question:

Do I have?

Do you have?

Does he/she/it have?

Do we have?

Do they have?

 

 

 

 

Present continuous:

 

Affirmative:

I am having

You are having

He/she/it is having

We are having

They are having

 

 

Negative:

I am not having or I’m not having

You are not having or You aren’t having

He/she/it is not having or He/she/it isn’t having

We are not having or We aren’t having

They are not having or They aren’t having

 

 

Question:

Am I having?

Are you having?

Is he/she/it having?

Are we having?

Are they having?

 

 

 

Present perfect:

 

Affirmative:

I have had

You have had

He/she/it has had

We have had

They have had

 

 

Negative:

I have not had or I haven’t had

You have not had or You haven’t had

He/she/it has not had or He/she/it hasn’t had

We have not had or We haven’t had

They have not had or They haven’t had

 

 

Question:

Have I had?

Have you had?

Has he/she/it had?

Have we had?

Have they had?

 

 

 

 

Present perfect continuous:

 

Affirmative:

I have been having

You have been having

He/she/it has been having

We have been having

They have been having

 

 

Negative:

I have not been having or I haven’t been having

You have not been having or You haven’t been having

He/she/it has not been having or He/she/it hasn’t been having

We have not been having or We haven’t been having

They have not been having or They haven’t been having

 

 

Question:

Have I been having?

Have you been having?

Has he/she/it been having?

Have we been having?

Have they been having?

 

 

 

 

Past indefinite:

 

Affirmative:

I had

You had

He/she/it had

We had

They had

 

 

Negative:

I did not have or I didn’t have

You did not have or You didn’t have

He/she/it did not have or He/she/it didn’t have

We did not have or We didn’t have

They did not have or They didn’t have

 

 

Question:

Did I have?

Did you have?

Did he /she/ it  have?

Did we have?

Did they have?

 

 

 

Have- as a main verb:

 

When have is used as a main verb, it can be combined with other auxiliary verbs like shall or shall not to create different meanings.

 

Here are some examples:

 

Shall + have:

 

Affirmative: I shall have dinner with my friends tonight.

 

Negative: I shall not have time to finish the project before the deadline.

 

Question: Shall we have a meeting tomorrow?

 

 

In this case, shall is used to indicate future time and have is used to indicate completion or possession.

 

 

 

Shall not + have:

 

Affirmative: I shall not have any difficulty in finishing the work on time.

 

Negative: I shall have to cancel my plans if I cannot finish the work on time.

 

Question: Shall not I have a chance to speak during the meeting?

 

 

In this case, shall not is used to indicate negation or prohibition, and have is used to indicate possession or experience.

 

 

It’s worth noting that the use of shall and shall not is relatively formal and is not as commonly used in everyday speech. In more informal settings, will and will not are more commonly used to indicate future time and negation.

 

 

 Have got= have

 

 

Have got is another form of the verb have that can be used as a main verb or an auxiliary verb.

 

It is commonly used in British English, while in American English have or have gotten is often used instead.

 

Here are some examples of have got used in different forms:

 

As a main verb:

 

 

Affirmative: I have got a new car.

 

Negative: She hasn’t got any money left.

 

Question: Have you got a minute to talk?

 

In this case, have got is used to indicate possession or the existence of something.

 

 

 

As an auxiliary verb:

 

Affirmative: I have got to finish this report by Friday.

 

Negative: We haven’t got to the store yet.

 

Question: Have you got to leave now?

 

 

In this case, have got is used to indicate necessity, obligation or duty.

 

It’s worth noting that in some cases have got can be contracted to have in the present tense, but not in the past tense.

 

For example:

I’ve got a new car (present) but not

I’d got a new car (past).

 

 

The verb have is used as a main verb to indicate an action or activity that someone is doing or experiencing.

 

 

Here are some examples:

 

 

Have breakfast: This means to eat breakfast.

 

Example: I usually have breakfast at 7 am.

 

 

Have dinner: This means to eat dinner.

 

Example: We’re going to have dinner at a nice restaurant tonight.

 

 

 

Have a talk: This means to have a conversation or discussion.

 

Example: I need to have a talk with my boss about my workload.

 

 

 

Have a walk: This means to take a walk or go for a walk.

 

Example: Let’s have a walk in the park this afternoon.

 

 

 

Have a quarrel: This means to have an argument or disagreement.

 

Example: My sister and I had a big quarrel yesterday.

 

 

 

Have a smoke: This means to smoke a cigarette or other tobacco product.

 

Example: He’s trying to quit, but he still has a smoke once in a while.

 

 

 

Have a good time: This means to enjoy oneself or have a pleasant experience.

 

Example: We had a great time at the concert last night.

 

 

In all of these cases, have is used as a main verb, indicating an action or activity.

 

 

Have to is an idiomatic expression that is commonly used to indicate necessity or obligation.

 

When have is used in this way, it is usually followed by an infinitive with to (e.g. have to go, have to do, have to study).

 

 

Here are some examples of have to used in different forms:

 

 

Affirmative:

I have to work late tonight.

We have to finish this project by Friday.

She has to study for her exams.

 

 

Negative:

He doesn’t have to come to the meeting if he doesn’t want to.

I don’t have to take the bus because I have a car.

They didn’t have to pay for the concert tickets because they won them in a contest.

 

 

Question:

Do you have to work on weekends?

Does she have to wear a uniform at work?

Did you have to wait long at the doctor’s office?

 

In all of these cases, have to is used to indicate that something is necessary or required.

 

 

 

The structure have + noun/pronoun + past participle is used to form the Present Perfect tense.

 

In this case, have is used as an auxiliary verb and the past participle is the main verb.

 

The past participle is formed by adding -ed to regular verbs or using the third form of irregular verbs.

 

Here are some examples of using have + noun/pronoun + past participle:

 

Affirmative:

I have watched that movie before.

They have finished their homework.

She has written a book.

 

Negative:

He hasn’t eaten breakfast yet.

We haven’t seen each other in years.

They haven’t decided where to go on vacation.

 

Question:

Have you ever been to Paris?

Has he finished his project yet?

Have they studied for the exam?

 

 

In all of these cases, have is used as an auxiliary verb to form the Present Perfect tense, indicating that an action happened at an unspecified time before now.

 

I have my hair cut is an example of using have in the causative form.

 

In this structure, have is followed by an object (in this case, my hair) and then the past participle of the main verb (cut).

 

This structure is used to indicate that someone arranges for another person to do something for them.

 

In this case, it means that you arranged for someone to cut your hair.

 

Here are some examples of using have in the causative form:

 

Affirmative:

She is having her car serviced today.

They had their house painted last year.

He had his laptop repaired by a professional.

 

Negative:

I’m not going to have my car fixed until next week.

We didn’t have the plumber come because we fixed the

leak ourselves.

She hasn’t had her phone upgraded yet.

 

Question:

Are you going to have someone fix the leak in your roof?

Did you have the chef prepare a special dish for the party?

Have they ever had their clothes dry cleaned?

 

 

 

The structure have + noun + infinitive with to is used to express the idea that someone has something that they need or want to do.

 

In this construction, have is followed by a noun that represents the thing someone needs or wants to do, and then an infinitive with to that describes the action.

 

 

 

Here are some examples of using have + noun + infinitive with to in this way:

 

Affirmative:

I have some news to share with you.

She has a meeting to attend this afternoon.

They have a lot of work to do before the deadline.

 

Negative:

I don’t have anything to do this weekend.

She doesn’t have any appointments to keep today.

They don’t have any plans to travel abroad this year.

 

Question:

Do you have something to tell me?

Does she have anyone to help her move?

Do they have anything to ask the teacher?

 

 

In the sentence I have something to tell you, the word something is the noun that represents the thing the speaker needs or wants to do, and the infinitive with to is to tell.

 

This construction conveys the idea that the speaker has some information or news that they need to share with the listener.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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